Introduction Cigarette sharing in China, a culturally embedded practice in China since the Qing Dynasty (16441912), involves exchanging single cigarettes during social interactions to convey respect, social status and adherence to traditional values such as face (mianzi), reciprocity and relationship-building.14 This exchange of cigarettes fosters immediate trust between participants and reinforces social cohesion through shared consumption.2 Previous studies reveal that 34.3% of adults in Guangdong and Shaanxi provinces in 2020 had shared cigarettes in the last 12 months,5 and Chinese men often carry multiple brands of cigarettes to navigate diverse social contexts
Companies manipulate tobacco to increase addiction and appeal
Pregnant and breastfeeding women, night-shift workers, patients with any addiction other than smoking, patients with any psychiatric disease other than a history of anxiety and depression, patients with a diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and body mass index 30 kg/m 2 were excluded
Since not enough studies have yet been conducted on vaping melatonin, many doctors question its efficacy because it is a larger chemical compound than liquid nicotine and other commonly used vaping liquids
